Let’s start with diversity. I don’t necessarily mean social identity diversity, which is what we typically think of. Not that it isn’t important, but I’m talking about cognitive diversity—how people think, their training, their experience, their personalities. Scott Page [the author and University of Michigan professor] has shown that diverse groups are better at making predictions, for instance. Cognitive diversity—intentionally putting together different points of view that will challenge one another—is essential for hiring and for building teams.